Cluster analysis showed direct relation between density and fire-retardant properties also, fire-retarding behaviors of the four hardwoods were quite different to those of the one softwood. Celcune showed the best improvement on glowing time. Results showed that all three kinds of treatments had improving effects on the fire-retarding properties. A special apparatus was designed, and six fire-retarding properties of each specimen were measured, namely ignition, glowing, back-darkening and back-holing times, as well as length and width of burning. Blocks of 150 × 130 × 9 mm³ were prepared and divided into four groups of control samples, nano-silver-, Borax-, and Celcune-impregnated specimens. Fire-retarding properties of 200 ppm nano-silver solution, with a size ranging from 20 to 80 nm, on five woody species were studied and compared with Borax and Celcune ®.
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